Is irritable bowel disease (crohn disease and ulcerative colitis) involves genetics? or it purely environmental?

IBD is a complex disease which arises as a result of the interaction of environmental and genetic factors leading to immunological responses and inflammation in the intestine. This initiates an immune response against the gut mucosa that results in IBD (ulcerative colitis or crohn disease)
In case of crohn disease, the inflammatory reaction in mediated by T helper 1 cells. While in ulcerative colitis it is initiated by T helper 2 cells.
As I mentioned above, there is no specific cause to IBD. It is believed to be interactions between the environment, diet, and genetics. So, genetics play a rule in IBD. Also, if you have one of your relatives who had IBD, your chances of getting IBD increases up to 10 times, so I think genetics are important deciding factor.
A genetic component to IBD has been recognized for over a century. Research that has contributed to understanding of the genetics include studies of ethnic groups (e.g., Ashkenazi Jews), familial clustering, epidemiological studies, and twin studies. With the advent of molecular genetics, understanding of the genetic basis has expanded considerably, particularly in the past decade. The first gene linked to IBD was NOD2 in 2001. Genome-wide association studies have since added to understanding of the genomics and pathogenesis of the disease. More than 200 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs or "snips") are now known to be associated with susceptibility to IBD. One of the largest genetic studies of IBD was published in 2012 . The analysis explained more of the variance in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis than previously reported.The results suggested that commensal microbiota are altered in such a way that they act as pathogens in inflammatory bowel diseases. Other studies show that mutations in IBD-associated genes might interfere with the cellular activity and interactions with the microbiome that promote normal immune responses

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