How athletes die suddenly during a match?
This is called sudden cardiac death or cardiac arrest. It happens with even athletes. I have seen many football players who die suddenly in the match.
Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) and sudden cardiac death (SCD) occur when the heart abruptly begins to beat in an abnormal or irregular rhythm (arrhythmia). Without organized electrical activity in the heart muscle, there is no consistent contraction of the ventricles, which results in the heart's inability to generate an adequate cardiac output (forward pumping of blood from the heart to rest of the body). The most common type of arrhythmia is ventricular fibrillation. Here is how it looks like:
The most common reason is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. This is a condition in which a portion of the heart becomes thickened without an obvious cause. This results in the heart being less able to pump blood effectively. This could be due to a genetic disease called hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. It is often due to mutations in certain genes involved with making heart muscle proteins. This leads to exertional chest pain (sometimes known as angina) due to reduced blood flow to the coronary arteries, uncomfortable awareness of the heartbeat(palpitations), as well as disruption of the electrical system running through the abnormal heart muscle, fainting and sudden cardiac death.
Another reason could be Left ventricular hypertrophy.
This is usually as a result of long-standing hypertension. This leads to diastolic heart failure and predisposes the patient to sudden cardiac death.
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