How could our kidneys be a sign of human evolution from sea creatures?
Kidneys are a sign of evolution. How?
Kidneys are these 2 bean-shaped organs that lie in your posterior abdominal wall and are responsible for filtering waste products from your blood to your urine. They are in the abdominal region
When we study the kidney during fetal development, you will be surprised by how humans and fish are related. In the fetus, you develop 3 pairs of kidneys instead of the 1 pair that we are familiar with. The 1st kidney to develop is called pronephros (develops near the neck - yes you had kidney in your neck when you were fetus), the second one is called mesonephros (develops in the abdomen), and the third pair is called metanephros (develops in the pelvis.) The pronephros and mesonephros degenerate and the metanephros is the only one that continues and it gives rise to your kidney. Here how they looked like.
As you see, pronephros and mesonephros degenerate. Metanephros remains.
Here is a zoomed-in picture that shows you how the metanephros gives rise to our kidney.
And here we see that the kidney (which originated from the metanephros) migrates from the pelvis to the abdomen. I told you before that the mesonephros is in the pelvis but our kidneys are in the abdominal region. Now it makes sense why.
Here comes a critical question. Why did the pronephros and mesonephros form if they would degenerate at the end? Well, the answer is simple. These things don’t degenerate in fishes. They remain and form important structures. Since we evolved from fishes, we still form these structures. But they regress as we are developing in fetal life. The vertebrate kidney is unique among the organs in that 2 or 3 kidney types arise sequentially during early life. In general, fish form the first 2 kidneys, called the pronephros and mesonephros, with the latter being the permanent adult kidney (mammals develop a third kidney, the metanephros, as their final adult kidney). In fish, the pronephric kidney plays a vital role in osmoregulation, as embryos usually develop externally and are therefore exposed to environmental pressures on water and salt homeostasis.
As we see here, the mesonephros remains in other creatures (Figure B) and it regresses in humans and other creatures and the metanephros is the structure that forms the kidneys (Figure C)
I know that if medicine or biology is not your career, it would be hard for you to comprehend all this information. I, myself, found it to be extremely complex when I was learning it.
Moving on, let’s go to another interesting evidence. Have you ever wondered how the gastrointestinal tract of humans looks like compared to other species?
(A) Gut tube in a fish (B) Gut tube in a bird (C) Gut tube in a human.
The picture is describing itself. I don’t need to caption this.
The third evidence is something called the pharyngeal slits.
Pharyngeal slits are filter-feeding organs found invertebrate chordates. Pharyngeal slits are repeated openings that appear along the pharynx caudal to the mouth. With this position, they allow for the movement of water in the mouth and out the pharyngeal slits. They are formed in humans but regress as we develop!
I don’t know if that doesn’t blow your mind, what else would!
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